人体解剖学：Spinal Cord脊髓.ppt

Dura mater Posterior spinal vein Anterior spinal vein Internal vertebral plexus Extradural fat The meninges (coverings) of spinal cord *spinal dura mater,arachnoid and spinal pia mater *epidural space,subarachnoid space and denticulate ligaments Pia mater Dura mater Posterior root Posterior rootlets Anterior root Spinal ganglion Denticulate lig. Arachnoid mater Posterior ramus Anterior ramus Dural root sleeve Spinal nerve Arachnoid mater Pia mater Dura mater Posterior root White matter Denticulate lig. Anterior root Posterior root ganglion Gray matter Spinal root Arachnoid mater Pia mater Dura mater Subarachnoid space Posterior spinal a. Anterior spinal a. Denticulate lig. Spinal cord covered with pia mater Skin Supraspinous fascia Interspinal lig. Yellow lig. Anterior longitudinal lig. Posterior longitudinal lig. Intervertebral disc. Iliac crest 12th rib Intercristal line (L4) ramus Posterior sacral foramen Internal vertebral plexus of veins Lumbar a. Supraspinous lig. Erector spinae m. Psoas Quadratus lumborum Intervertebral disc Vertebra Lamina Dura Posterior longitudinal lig. Interspinous lig. Skin Lig. flavum Intervertebral foramen Vein Aorta Pedicle Cauda equina Crura diaphragm Receptor Effector Afferent neuron sensory neuron Efferent neuron (motor neuron) Interneuron The functions of the spinal cord *conduction *reflexes Ascending sensory pathway (collections of these n. fibers are known as ascending tract) Descending motor pathway, upper motor neuron(collections of these n. fibers are known as descending tract) Posterior root ganglion Sensory input (first neuron) Peripheral Spinal n. Motor output (lower motor neuron) Posterior root ganglion Posterior root Anterior root Spinal nerve Total loss of all sensations- Hypotonic paralysis Loss of tactile discrimination, vibratory and proprioceptive sense-spastic paralysis Loss of pain and temperature sensations impaired tactile sense Area in which sensations of pain and temperature