山东省菏泽市中考英语总复习 语法十一 动词的时态课件.pptx

菏泽语法十一　动词的时态与语态考点1 动词的时态(1)一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表示客观真理。常与often, usually, always等时间状语连用。She often works on weekends. 她经常在周末工作。There are four seasons in a year. 一年有四季。(2)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作。be动词的一般过去时为was, were；实义动词的一般过去时为动词的过去式。常与just now, yesterday, last week, ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。Who did you see at the meeting yesterday？你在昨天的会议上看见了谁？★必背句式①一般过去时＋一段时间＋ago②It is＋一段时间＋since＋一般过去时③过去进行时＋when＋一般过去时④过去完成时＋when＋一般过去时(3)一般将来时由“shall/will＋动词原形”构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称；此外还有“be going to＋动词原形”的形式。常与tomorrow, next week等表示将来的时间状语连用。He will visit Scotland next week. 他下周要去苏格兰旅游。I am going to stay for a week. 我打算待一个星期。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 看那乌云。要下雨了。★be going to do表示将来时指事先经过考虑的打算或有迹象表明要发生某事。 be going to do表示将来be going to do表示将来有两种情况：一种是事先经过考虑的打算；另一种是有迹象表明要发生某事。考生经常在这两种情况上触雷。(4)现在进行时由“am/is/are＋现在分词”构成，表示现在正在发生的事情或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有now, Look! Listen！等标志词。Look! A bird is flying in the sky. 看！一只鸟在天上飞。She is teaching at a night school now. 目前她在一所夜校教学。(5)过去进行时由“was/were＋现在分词”构成，表示过去某一时间正在发生的事情或过去某段时间一直在做的事情。常与this time yesterday, “when＋过去动作”等时间状语连用。She was watching TV at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候她正在看电视。They were waiting for you last night. 昨晚他们一直在等你。(6)现在完成时由“have/has＋过去分词”构成，表示过去某时发生的动作一直延续到现在或过去的动作对现在有影响。标志词有since, for, already, yet, so far等。I have lived in Beijing since 10 years ago. 自从10年前我就一直在北京居住。 They have lost the match. 他们已经输了比赛。★当句中有“How long. . . ？/since. . . /for. . . ”等时间状语时，句中动词要用延续性动词。非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换如下：buy→have　　borrow→keep　　leave→be awaydie→be dead become→be come to→be inbegin→be on stop→be overopen/close→be open/closedleave＋地点→be away from＋地点join→be in/a member of非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换上面这些常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换是考生经常触雷的地方。1．(2017·贵港中考)—Where were Bill and David when the teacher came in? —They __ in the hallway.A．are talking B．have talkedC．were talking D．talkC2．(2017·泰安中考)With the development of science and technology, robot cooks __ in our families in the future. A．appear B．appearedC．will appear D．is appearingC3．(2017·莱芜中考)—I didn't see your father yesterday