魁北克民族主义.ppt

"Canadian" liberal nationalism -------张晨 Ultramontane nationalism 1840s to 1950s Although it was still defended and promoted up until the beginning of the 20th century, the French-Canadian liberal nationalism born out of the American and French revolutions began to decline in the 1840s, gradually being replaced by both a more moderate liberal nationalism and the ultramontanism?教皇极权主义 of the powerful Catholic clergy牧师 as epitomized摘要 by?Lionel Giroux. In opposition with the other nationalists, ultramontane rejected the idea that the people are sovereign至高无上的 and that church and state should be absolutely separated. They accepted the authority of the British crown in Canada, defended its legitimacy正统, and preached obedience to the British ruler. For ultramontane, the faith of Franco-Canadians was to survive by defending their Roman Catholic religion and the French language. Contemporary Quebec nationalism Understanding contemporary Quebec nationalism is difficult considering the ongoing debates on the political status of the province and its complex public opinion. No political option has achieved decisive majority support and contradictions remain within the Quebec polity. One debated subject that has often made the news is whether contemporary Quebec nationalism is still "ethnic" or if it is "linguistic" or "territorial". The notion of "territorial nationalism" gathers the support of the majority of the sovereignists and essentially all Quebec federalist nationalists. Debates on the nature of Quebec's nationalism are currently going on and various intellectuals from Quebec or other parts of Canada have published works on the subject. People who feel that Quebec nationalism is still ethnic, have often expressed their opinion that the worldview of Quebec's nationalists is insular and parochial and concerned with preserving a "pure laine" population of white francophones within the province. People wh